Ubuyobozi bwa injeniyeri kumugozi imashini zinganira hamwe nindobo itunganye

Mu ruhare rwanjye muri Dongxin Technortic, akenshi mvuga hamwe n'abashakashatsi bakuru nka Marcus mu Budage cyangwa kuyobora amakipe ya R & D muri Koreya y'Epfo. Ibiganiro dufite ni gake cyane; bashukwa muri microscopique isi ya igice cya kabiri Gupakira, aho umuhuza umwe, ufite inenge, muto kuruta umusatsi wabantu, urashobora guhindura ibikoresho bya miliyoni, ibikoresho byamadorari ntacyo bimaze. Kwizerwa bigezweho ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yubatswe ku butungane bwa wire. Ibi ntabwo ari gusa guhuza ingingo ebyiri; ni ukurema imbaraga, ikomeye-leta gusudira Ibyo bizahoraho imyaka myinshi mubihe bisabwa. Iyi ngingo ni injeniyeri witondewe wumva ko imikorere y'ibicuruzwa byabo byanyuma biterwa nubwiza bwa buriwese Guhuza. Tuzarenga shingiro kugirango dusuzume ibyifuzo bya Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga, amahitamo akomeye muri ibikoresho, hamwe na fiziki igenga intungane wire.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo guhuza insinga?

Imbere yayo, Amarira ya Wire ni inzira yo kurema amashanyarazi Gukoresha insinga nziza guhuza a igikoresho cya semiconductor, nk'umuzunguruko uhujwe (Ic), kubipfunyika byayo cyangwa substrate, nk'inama y'umuzunguruko (Pcb). Nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gukora amashanyarazi Guhuzas muri amashanyarazi inganda kubera guhinduka no gukonja-gukora neza. Intego ntabwo ari uguhuza umubiri gusa ahubwo ni ugukora ukuri, gukomeye-leta gusudira Kuri buri mpera ya wire.

Ibi Ububiko bwa Metallurgical iremeza inzira idafite amashanyarazi nubushyuhe, bikaba ari ngombwa kubikorwa byigikoresho no kuramba. Bitandukanye no gusudira gakondo, the Inzira yo Guhuza Wire akenshi bibaho kurwego rwa microscopic, gukora a wire Ibyo birashobora kuba inshuro nyinshi kuruta umusatsi wumuntu. Ireme ry'ibi wire ni ishingiro ryizewe ryibintu bitabarika ibice bya elegitoroniki yubatswe. Buri wire igomba gushyirwaho neza kandi igangwa kugirango yemeze ihuriro ridafite inenge.

Ni ubuhe buryo nyamukuru bwo guhuza insinga?

Mugihe intego ihora ikomeye gusudira, hari byinshi tekinike yo guhuza insinga ikoreshwa mu kubigeraho. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nibikoresho, gusaba, nibitekerezo bya sof. Ubuhanga butatu bwibanze ni:

1. THERMOCOMSSIONSY: Iyi mwimerere Uburyo bwo guhuza shingira ku bitoroshye ariko bifite akamaro ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko. Igikoresho cyo gupfuka kanda Guhuza insinga kurwanya substrate cyangwa Bond Pad. Guhuza imbaraga nimbaraga zubushyuhe butera atome ya wire na padi kugirango utandukanye mugenzi wawe, urema imbaraga inkwano. Birasukuye kandi byizewe ariko birashobora gutinda kandi ubushyuhe bwinshi budakwiriye kubigize bimwe byunvikana.

2. Ultrasonic: Ubu buhanga nigikorwa cyubukonje, niyo nyungu nyamukuru. Ikoresha igikoresho kigenda kuri metero ndende (mubisanzwe 20-60 khz) kugirango ushishikarize wire kurwanya Uwiteka Bond Pad. Ibi Ingufu za Ultrasonic zikoreshwa gusenya oxide yo hejuru no gukora leta ikomeye gusudira binyuze mu guterana amagambo no guhinduranya plastike. Nibyiza kubikoresho-byoroheje kandi nibipimo bya Umuyoboro wa Aluminium Guhuza.

3. Amarira ya Thermosonic: Akazi ka kijyambere k'inganda, ubu buryo buhuza ibyiza byisi byombi. Ikoresha ubushyuhe n'ingufu za ultrasonic icyarimwe. The substrate irashyuha (mubisanzwe kugeza 150 ° C), yoroshya ibikoresho kandi ituma inzira ihuza byoroshye. Hanyuma, pulse ya Ingufu za Ultrasonic ikoreshwa kugirango irangize Ububiko bwa Metallurgical. Ubu buryo bwihuta, bwizewe, kandi burema imbaraga wire, kora tekinike yiganje kuri Guhuza zahabu in Umusaruro mwinshi.

Nigute Guhitamo Ibikoresho Byerekana insinga?

Uwiteka Guhitamo Ibikoresho kuri Guhuza insinga ni kimwe mubyemezo bikomeye cyane muri byose inzira yo gukora. Uwiteka ibikoresho Ingaruka itaziguye inkwano' Umutungo w'amashanyarazi, Imiterere ya mashini, kwizerwa, nibiciro. Ibikoresho by'ibanze byakoreshejwe ni:

• Zahabu (au): Mu myaka mirongo, zahabu yari inganda za Amarira. Birahanganye cyane na ruswa, gatile cyane, kandi ifite nziza Imyitwarire y'amashanyarazi. Byoroshye byoroshye byoroshe gukora a umupira. Ariko, hejuru igiciro cya zahabu yirukanye inganda gushaka ubundi buryo. Indi mpangayi ni ugushinga kwumwobo Zahabu-Aluminium Intermethics . Ibibazo byizerwa niba bidacungwa neza.
• Umuringa (CU): Umuyoboro w'umuringa yahindutse ubundi buryo buzwi kuri zahabu. Itanga isumba Amashanyarazi n'umutwe kandi ni byinshi cyane igiciro cyiza. Ariko, umuringa uragoye kuruta zahabu, ishobora gutera ibyangiritse kuri Desitive silicon Bond Pad Niba guhuza ibipimo ntibigenzurwa neza. Bishobora kandi kumvikana kuri okiside, bisaba ikirere kivanga mugihe cyo guhuza.
• Aluminium (al): Umuyoboro wa Aluminium ikoreshwa cyane Wedge Bonding, cyane cyane mubikoresho byimbaraga hamwe nibikoresho byimodoka. Ifite ihendutse kandi ifite igikona inkwano hamwe na aluminium, irinda ibibazo bigaragara hamwe Zahabu na Aluminium. Ibisubizo byayo byibanze biri hasi gukora n'imbaraga ugereranije na zahabu cyangwa umuringa.
• Ifeza (AG): Ifeza ni uburyo bwo kugaragara, gutanga gukora ndetse byiza kuruta zahabu ku giciro cyo hasi. Ubushakashatsi burakomeje kugirango buranga byimazeyo kwizerwa.

Kuri Dongxin, dutanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gukundwa, harimo insinga ya aluminium, kubera ko twumva ko ufite uburenganzira wire nintambwe yambere yo kugera kubutunganye wire.

Ni uruhe ruhare insinga yinzeyi zikina mu bucuti bwizewe?

Uwiteka diameter ni umubare wingenzi utegeka amashanyarazi na mashini ya Guhuza. Guhitamo diameter ni ugucuruza hagati yimikorere ninzitizi zumubiri.

A insinga (mubisanzwe hamwe na diameter hagati ya 15 na 75) ikoreshwa muguhuza ibimenyetso muri amashanyarazi, aho umwanya uri kuri premium. Ibi insinga nziza ni ngombwa kuri ikibuga cyiza Porogaramu, kwemerera ibihumbi n'ibihumbi kumurongo umwe igikoresho cya semiconductor. Ikibazo hamwe na insinga ni iremeza ko rihagije imbaraga kandi irashobora gutwara ibisabwa ntarushye.

Ibinyuranye, umubyibushye wire guhuza (gukoresha diameter insinga kuva micrones 100 kugeza 5 kugeza 5) zikoreshwa mububasha bwa electronics na module. Ibi binini diameter wire irashobora gukemura imigezi myinshi kandi itanga imbaraga nyinshi, ikomeye Imiterere ya mashini. Uwiteka Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga ku bwinshi wire igomba kuba ishobora gusaba imbaraga nyinshi kandi Ingufu za Ultrasonic gukora neza gusudira. Guhitamo bikwiye diameter ni intambwe ikomeye yo gushushanya kwizerwa wire ingamba.

Nigute imashini zishinzwe guhuza ijyanwa zigera kuri ubu?

Bigezweho Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga ni ibitangaza byubwubatsi bwa Mechatronic. Ntabwo ari ibikoresho byoroshye ariko sisitemu ya robo ihanitse cyane yagenewe umuvuduko na sub-micron. Ubusobanuro bwabo buva mu kwishyira hamwe kw'ikoranabuhanga ryingenzi:

• Robot yateye imbere: Uburyo bwihuse x-y-y Bond Pad hamwe n'umuvuduko udasanzwe no gusubiramo.
• Icyerekezo cy'imashini: Kamera-yimyanya yo hejuru hamwe na software yo kumenyekanisha yerekana ahantu nyaburanga Bond Pads kuri silicon gupfa kandi substrate. Sisitemu ihita yishyura uburyo bwo kubangamiye gato igikoresho, bukazane wire ifatanye neza buri gihe.
• Imbaraga nyabagendwa no kugenzura ingufu: Uwiteka imashini isurwa'Ikongero ni ubushobozi bwo gushyira mubikorwa imbaraga zigenzurwa neza, Ingufu za Ultrasonic, n'ubushyuhe. Ibi guhuza ibipimo ni gahunda kandi irashobora guhinduka mugihe nyacyo kugirango urebe neza inkwano kuri buri wese wire.
• Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo: Sensor yateye imbere gukurikirana Inzira yo Guhuza Wire, kumenya anomalies zishobora kwerekana intege nke inkwano. Ibi bituma ukosora byihuse no kwemeza umusaruro mwinshi.

Imashini nkacu Imashini ihuza igbt bagenewe cyane cyane gukemura ibibazo bikomeye byimbaraga igice cya kabiri Gukora, guhuza ubwo buryo bwo gutanga umusaruro wizewe wires.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yinguzanyo yambere nuwa kabiri?

Uwiteka Inzira yo Guhuza Wire bikubiyemo gukora ihuriro ningingo ebyiri zitandukanye: the umuhuza wa mbere na umuhuza wa kabiri.

Uwiteka umuhuza wa mbere yakozwe kuri Bond Pad ya igice cya kabiri Gupfa (Ic). Uku niko bimeze nabi kandi bitoroshye byombi, nkibishingiro silicon ni fragile kandi irashobora kwangirika byoroshye. Kuri zahabu wire Guhuza, The umuhuza wa mbere ni a umupira. Amashanyarazi ashonga iherezo ry'insinga Gukora ikintu gito, icyo gihe kigashyirwa kuri padi.

Uwiteka umuhuza wa kabiri ikorwa ku butegetsi cyangwa substrate ihuza gupfa kubisigaye bya paki cyangwa Pcb. Iyi ntego muri rusange ntabwo yunvikana kuruta gupfa. Muguhuza umupira, the umuhuza wa kabiri ni umutegarugori " inkwano. Nyuma yibi inkwano Yashinzwe, The wire ni urwenya kandi wacitse kugirango utangire uruziga wire. Muri aluminium wire Guhuza, byombi umuhuza wa mbere na umuhuza wa kabiri ni Wedge Bonds, yaremye ukoresheje igikoresho kimeze neza udakora umupira. Ubusugire bwa umuhuza wa mbere na umuhuza wa kabiri ni ngombwa kugirango atsinde Guhuza.

Ni ukubera iki kugera kuri Metallurgical Held ari ngombwa?

Kugera Ububiko bwa Metallurgical nintego yanyuma ya wire inzira. Ibi biratandukanye cyane ninkomoko yoroshye cyangwa guterana amagambo. A Ububiko bwa Metallurgical ni ihuza rya Interamic aho atome kuva kuri wire na Bond Pad Sangira electron, gukora imiterere imwe, ikomeza. Ubu bwoko bwa gusudira ni ngombwa kubwimpamvu ebyiri zingenzi:

1. Imikorere y'amashanyarazi: Intungane Ububiko bwa Metallurgical itanga uburyo bwo hasi bushoboka. Umukene gusudira Urashobora gushiraho interineti yo kurwanya cyane itanga ubushyuhe, degrade inyangamugayo, kandi amaherezo irashobora gutuma ibikoresho byananiranye.
2. Kwizerwa igihe kirekire: Ikomeye gusudira ni ngombwa kugirango turokoke imihangayiko ya ubushyuhe gusiganwa ku magare. Mugihe igikoresho gishyushye kandi gikonjesha, ibikoresho byagutse n'amasezerano kubiciro bitandukanye (kwaguka). Intege nke inkwano azananira kandi ananirwa muriyi mihangayiko, cyane cyane muri ibidukikije bikaze nka Automotive cyangwa Porogaramu ya Aerospace. The imbaraga bikomoka ku byiza Ububiko bwa Metallurgical iremeza wire Guhuza bikomeza kuba byiza kubikoresho byose.

Nibihe bipimo byingenzi byo kugenzura kuri mashini ihebuje yo kwinginga?

Kuri injeniyeri nka Marcus, kugenzura imashini isurwa ni kugena urufunguzo guhuza ibipimo. Kubona iyi nzira ni ngombwa kugirango hasubirwe inzira yo kumusaruro. Mugihe indangagaciro nyazo ziterwa na Wire wihariye Porogaramu, ibipimo byibanze ni:

• Imbaraga (cyangwa igitutu): Numubare wingufu zumubiri igikoresho gihuza na wire na Bond Pad. Imbaraga nke cyane zitera intege nke inkwano; Byinshi birashobora kwangiza igice cya kabiri gupfa.
• Imbaraga za Ultrasonic: Nibintu amplitude ya metero nyinshi. Itanga imbaraga zikenewe kora ubumwe. Imbaraga zigomba kuba zitondekanya neza kuri diameter n'ibikoresho.
• Igihe: Nigihe imbaraga za ultrasonic zikoreshwa, mubisanzwe zipimirwa muri milisegonda.
• Ubushyuhe: Mubufatanye bwa thermosonic, ubu ni ubushyuhe bwa statu yashyushye gufata substrate.

Kunoza iyi ngingo nyinshi "resep" ni ngombwa kuri Ubucuti bwiza. Birasaba ubuhanga no kugerageza gusoza kugirango ubone impirimbanyi nziza kubijyanye no guhuza iyo ari yo yose wire, pfa, kandi substrate.

Nigute ushobora gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe byo gutsindwa kwinsinga?

No muburyo bugenzurwa cyane, kunanirwa birashobora kubaho. Gusobanukirwa imizi yabo bitera ni urufunguzo rwo gukomeza umurongo watanga umusaruro mwinshi. Hano hari ibibazo bike:

• Kuzamura Bond: Iyi ni iyo umuhuza wa mbere (umupira cyangwa wedge) ntabwo yubahiriza Uwiteka Bond Pad. Impamvu ikunze kugaragara ni kwanduza hejuru ya padi (urugero, injangwe, imiti ikurikira). Irashobora kandi guterwa nibyo guhuza ibipimo, nk'imbaraga zidahagije cyangwa Ingufu za Ultrasonic.
• Agatsinsino: Uwiteka wire kumena kuri "agatsinsino" cyangwa ingingo yoroshye ya umuhuza wa kabiri. Ibi akenshi biterwa no guhindura cyane wire kuva ku mbaraga nyinshi zo guhuza cyangwa igikoresho cyo kwirukana. Igikoresho cyiza cyane, nka a yihariye igikoresho cyo guhuza, irashobora kugabanya iki kibazo.
• Wire SAG cyangwa Wubike: Uwiteka wire loop ni gyhapen, birashoboka cyane kuba hafi wire. Ibi birashobora guterwa no guhagarika insinga mbi kuri Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga cyangwa n'ingabo za electrostatititike mugihe cya plastiki ikurikira.
• Kuraho: Imbaraga zo guhunika ni ndende cyane, zimenagura fragile silicon layer munsi ya Bond Pad. Ubu ni kunanirwa guteye ubwoba kandi bisaba guhindurwa byihuse imbaraga zo guhuza.

Ni ubuhe buryo buzaza mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kwirambira?

Uwiteka Amarira Inganda zihora zihinduka kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa bitabakurikiraho ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Inzira nyinshi zingenzi zirimo kwerekana ejo hazaza hayo:

• Ultra-Ikibuga cyiza: Nka chip ihinduka urugwiro, umubare wa I / O wiyongereye, ubahatira hafi. Amarira ni ubusonga ikibuga cyiza ubushobozi bushyiri munsi ya miriyoni 35, bisaba imashini zifatika kandi nziza diameter insinga.
• Ibikoresho bishya: Iterambere rya Palladium umuyoboro w'umuringa, ifeza wire, nibindi bikoresho bigamije guhuza inyungu zamashya zitandukanye - nka gukora y'umuringa hamwe no kurwanya ruswa y'ibyuma by'agaciro.
• Imbaraga Zidozi: Kuzamuka kw'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi n'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa ni uguhimbaza ibisabwa wire Guhuza ukoresheje Kinini diameter Umuyoboro wa Aluminium Ndetse na Bribbons yumuringa kugirango ikemure amps zijoro.
• Kongera Automation na AI: Ejo hazaza Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga izinjizamo ubwenge bwinshi, ukoresheje AI kugirango wiringire guhuza ibipimo Mugihe nyacyo kandi gihanura ibikenewe byo kubungabunga, ibindi byongera umusaruro no kugabanya igihe cyo hasi.

ABAFATANYIJE

Uzwi wire ni urugendo ruhoraho rwo kugenzura neza no kugenzura. Hano hari ibintu byingenzi byo kwibuka:

• Intego ni weld totallurgique: Gutsinda wire ni atomic nyayo gusudira, kwemeza amashanyarazi arenze, ubushyuhe, n'imikorere ya mashini.
• Ubuhanga bujyanye na tekinike: Amarira ya Thermosonic ni inganda zisanzwe, guhuza ubushyuhe kandi Ingufu za Ultrasonic ku bwisonga no gukomera inkwano.
• Guhitamo ibikoresho ni ngombwa: Guhitamo Guhuza insinga (Zahabu, Umuringa, Aluminum) nigiciro kitoroshye hagati yikiguzi, gukora, no kwizerwa.
• Imashini nizo zifasha: Bigezweho Imashini zishinzwe guhuza insinga ni uburyo bwuzuye robotike igenzura ibintu byose bigize inzira, uhereye kumwanya wo gushyira mubikorwa ingufu zuzuye.
• Ibipimo bigomba kuba bitunganye: Intsinzi ya buri wire Biterwa nibitabo byiza byingufu, imbaraga, igihe, nubushyuhe, bihujwe na porogaramu yihariye.