Kalozera wa Injiniya wa Makina Omangira Waya ndi Waya Wangwiro Bond

Mu gawo langa ku Dongxin Electronic Technology, nthawi zambiri ndimalankhula ndi akatswiri opanga ma process ngati Marcus ku Germany kapena kutsogolera magulu a R&D ku South Korea. Zokambirana zomwe timakhala nazo sizikhala zachiphamaso; amafufuza mu dziko la microscopic semiconductor kulongedza, pomwe kulumikizana kumodzi, kolakwika, kocheperako tsitsi la munthu, kungapangitse chida cha madola miliyoni kukhala chopanda ntchito. Kudalirika kwamakono zamagetsi imamangidwa pa ungwiro wa waya chomangira. Izi sizingokhudza kulumikiza mfundo ziwiri; ndi za kupanga cholimba, chokhazikika weld umene udzapirira kwa zaka zambiri pansi pa mikhalidwe yovuta. Nkhaniyi ndi ya mainjiniya wanzeru yemwe amamvetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito awo omaliza amadalira mtundu wa chilichonse. kulumikizana. Tidzadutsa zoyambira kuti tifufuze ma nuances a makina opangira ma waya, zosankha zofunika mu waya zakuthupi, ndi physics yomwe imalamulira bwino waya chomangira.

Kodi Njira Yopangira Mawaya Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?

M'malo mwake, kulumikiza waya ndi njira za kulenga kugwirizana magetsi kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya abwino ku kugwirizana a chipangizo cha semiconductor, ngati dera lophatikizika (KODI), ku paketi yake kapena gawo lapansi, monga bolodi losindikizidwa (PCB). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magetsi kulumikizanas mu microelectronics makampani chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kutsika mtengo. Cholinga sikungokhudzana mwakuthupi koma kupanga chowonadi chokhazikika weld pamapeto aliwonse a waya.

Izi mgwirizano wa metallurgical imatsimikizira njira yopanda msoko ya ma siginecha amagetsi ndi kutentha, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti chipangizocho chizigwira ntchito komanso kuti chikhale ndi moyo wautali. Mosiyana kuwotcherera chikhalidwe, ndi njira yolumikizira waya Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamlingo wa microscopic, kugwira a waya umene ukhoza kukhala woonda nthawi zambiri kuposa tsitsi la munthu. Ubwino wa izi waya chomangira ndi maziko amene kudalirika kwa zosawerengeka zida zamagetsi imamangidwa. Aliyense waya ziyenera kuyikidwa bwino komanso zolumikizidwa kuti zitsimikizire kulumikizana kopanda cholakwika.

Kodi Main Wire Bonding Techniques ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale cholinga nthawi zonse chimakhala cholimba weld, alipo angapo njira zolumikizira waya amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akwaniritse. Kusankha njira kumatengera zida, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso mtengo wake. Njira zitatu zoyambirira ndi:

1. Kugwirizana kwa Thermocompression: Choyambirira ichi njira yolumikizirana amadalira njira yosavuta koma yothandiza ya kutentha ndi kupanikizika. Chida chotenthetsera chimakanikiza chingwe cholumikizira motsutsana ndi kutentha gawo lapansi kapena bond pansi. Kuphatikizika kwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yamafuta kumayambitsa ma atomu a waya ndi padi kugawanikana wina ndi mzake, kupanga cholimba mgwirizano. Ndi yaukhondo komanso yodalirika koma imatha kuchedwa komanso kutentha kwakukulu sikoyenera pazigawo zina zodziwikiratu.

2. Akupanga Kugwirizana: Njirayi ndi njira yozizira, yomwe ndi phindu lake lalikulu. Imagwiritsa ntchito chida chomwe chimagwedezeka pafupipafupi (nthawi zambiri 20-60 kHz) kuti ikolope. waya motsutsana ndi bond pansi. Izi ultrasonic mphamvu ntchito kuthyola ma oxides apamtunda ndikupanga malo olimba weld kudzera mkangano ndi pulasitiki deformation. Ndi yabwino kwa zipangizo kutentha kutentha ndi muyezo waya wa aluminiyamu kugwirizana.

3. Kugwirizana kwa Thermosonic: Kavalo wamakono wamakampani, njira iyi imaphatikiza zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Zimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi akupanga mphamvu nthawi imodzi. The gawo lapansi imatenthedwa (nthawi zambiri mpaka 150 ° C), yomwe imafewetsa zidazo ndikupanga njira yolumikizirana mosavuta. Ndiye, kugunda kwa ultrasonic mphamvu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza mgwirizano wa metallurgical. Njirayi ndiyofulumira, yodalirika, ndipo imapanga mphamvu kwambiri waya chomangira, kupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yayikulu kwambiri kulumikiza waya wagolide mu kupanga kwakukulu.

Kodi Kusankha Zinthu Ndikofunikira Bwanji pa Waya Wothandizira?

The kusankha zinthu za chingwe cholumikizira ndi chimodzi mwa ziganizo zofunika kwambiri mu zonse kupanga ndondomeko. The waya zakuthupi zimakhudza mwachindunji mgwirizano's magetsi katundu, makina katundu, kudalirika, ndi mtengo. Zida zoyambira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:

• Golide (Au): Kwa zaka zambiri, golidi anali muyezo wamakampani kugwirizana kwa waya. Imalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri, imakhala ndi ductile kwambiri, ndipo imakhala yabwino kwambiri magetsi conductivity. Kufewa kwake kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupanga a mgwirizano wa mpira. Komabe, mkulu mtengo wa golidi zapangitsa makampani kufunafuna njira zina. Chodetsa nkhaŵa china ndi kupanga brittle golide-aluminium intermetallics (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "purple miliri") polumikizana ndi ma aluminiyamu pads, zomwe zingayambitse nthawi yayitali. nkhani zodalirika ngati sichiyendetsedwa bwino.
• Mkuwa (Cu): Waya wamkuwa wakhala wotchuka m'malo mwa golide. Iwo amapereka wapamwamba magetsi ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe ndi zambiri zotsika mtengo. Komabe, mkuwa ndi wolimba kuposa golide, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa cratering pa tcheru silicon bond pansi ngati kugwirizana magawo sizimalamulidwa mwangwiro. Imakhudzidwanso ndi okosijeni, yomwe imafunikira mpweya wokhazikika panthawi yolumikizana.
• Aluminium (Al): Aluminium waya chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mgwirizano wa wedgeing, makamaka pazida zamagetsi ndi ntchito zamagalimoto. Ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo imapanga khola mgwirizano ndi zotayira za aluminiyamu, kupewa zovuta zomwe zimawonedwa nazo golide ndi aluminiyamu. Zoyipa zake zazikulu ndizochepa conductivity ndi mphamvu poyerekeza ndi golidi kapena mkuwa.
• Siliva (Ag): Mawaya asiliva ndi njira yomwe ikubwera, yopereka conductivity kuposa golide pamtengo wotsika mtengo. Kafukufuku akupitilira kuti awonetsere kudalirika kwawo kwanthawi yayitali.

Pa Dongxin, ife kupereka osiyanasiyana zipangizo mkulu-chiyero, kuphatikizapo waya woyera wa aluminiyamu, chifukwa timamvetsetsa kuti kukhala ndi ufulu waya ndi sitepe yoyamba kukwaniritsa wangwiro waya chomangira.

Kodi Mawaya Diameter Amagwira Ntchito Yanji mu Mawaya Odalirika Bond?

The waya awiri ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limafotokoza mawonekedwe amagetsi ndi makina a kulumikizana. Kusankha kwa awiri ndi kusinthanitsa pakati pa zofunikira pakuchita ndi zopinga zakuthupi.

A waya woonda (kawirikawiri ndi a awiri pakati pa 15 ndi 75 ma microns) amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizira ma siginecha mkati microelectronics, kumene malo ndi ofunika kwambiri. Izi mawaya abwino ndi zofunika kwa chithunzi chabwino mapulogalamu, kulola masauzande olumikizana pa imodzi chipangizo cha semiconductor. Vuto ndi a waya woonda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ili ndi zokwanira mphamvu ya mgwirizano ndipo akhoza kunyamula chofunika panopa popanda kutenthedwa.

Mosiyana, wandiweyani waya kulumikizana (kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya awiri kuyambira 100 mpaka 500 ma microns) amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumagetsi amagetsi ndi ma module amagalimoto. Chokulirapo ichi awiri waya imatha kuthana ndi mafunde apamwamba ndipo imapereka mphamvu zambiri, zolimba kwambiri makina katundu. The makina opangira ma waya za thick waya ayenera kukhala wokhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso ultrasonic mphamvu kupanga zokwanira weld. Kusankha zoyenera waya awiri ndi gawo lofunikira popanga chodalirika waya chomangira njira.

Kodi Makina Amakono Omangira Mawaya Amakono Amakwaniritsa Bwanji Kulondola Kwambiri Chonchi?

Zamakono makina opangira ma waya ndi zodabwitsa za mechatronic engineering. Sizida zophweka koma makina apamwamba kwambiri a robotic opangidwa kuti azithamanga komanso kulondola kwa micron. Kulondola kwawo kumabwera pakuphatikiza matekinoloje angapo ofunikira:

• Ma Robot Apamwamba: Makina othamanga kwambiri a XY-Z amatha kuyika chida cholumikizira cholondola bond pansi ndi liwiro lodabwitsa komanso kubwerezabwereza.
• Mawonekedwe a Makina: Kamera yapamwamba kwambiri komanso pulogalamu yozindikiritsa mawonekedwe imazindikiritsa malo enieni a bond pansis pa silicon kufa ndi gawo lapansi. Dongosololi limalipiritsa basi kusokoneza pang'ono kwa chipangizocho, kuwonetsetsa waya imalumikizidwa ndendende nthawi zonse.
• Mphamvu Zenizeni ndi Kuwongolera Mphamvu: The makina owotchereraChofunika kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwake kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyendetsedwa bwino, ultrasonic mphamvu, ndi kutentha. Izi kugwirizana magawo ndi zosinthika ndipo zitha kusinthidwa munthawi yeniyeni kuti zitsimikizire bwino mgwirizano kwa aliyense waya.
• Kuwunika Nthawi Yeniyeni: Masensa apamwamba amawunika njira yolumikizira waya, kuzindikira zolakwika zomwe zingasonyeze kufooka mgwirizano. Izi zimalola kuwongolera nthawi yomweyo ndikuwonetsetsa kutulutsa kwapamwamba.

Makina ngati athu Makina omangira a IGBT adapangidwa makamaka kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zamphamvu semiconductor kupanga, kuphatikiza matekinoloje awa kuti apange odalirika kwambiri waya chomangiras.

Kodi Kusiyanitsa Pakati pa Bond Yoyamba ndi Yachiwiri Ndi Chiyani?

The njira yolumikizira waya kumaphatikizapo kupanga mgwirizano ndi mfundo ziwiri zosiyana: the mgwirizano woyamba ndi mgwirizano wachiwiri.

The mgwirizano woyamba imapangidwa mwachindunji ku bond pansi cha semiconductor kufa (KODI). Izi ndizovuta komanso zovuta kwambiri za ziwirizi, monga zoyambira silicon ndi yosalimba ndipo imatha kuwonongeka mosavuta. Za golidi waya kugwirizana, ndi mgwirizano woyamba kawirikawiri ndi a mgwirizano wa mpira. Kuwala kwamagetsi kumasungunula mapeto a waya kupanga kachidutswa kakang'ono, kamene kamamangiriridwa ku pad.

The mgwirizano wachiwiri amapangidwa pa leadframe kapena gawo lapansi zomwe zimagwirizanitsa kufa ndi phukusi lonse kapena PCB. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kufa. Mu kugwirizana mpira, ndi mgwirizano wachiwiri ndi "stitch" yooneka ngati mphero mgwirizano. Zitatha izi mgwirizano amapangidwa, a waya imangiriridwa ndikung'ambika kuti iyambe kuzungulira kwa lotsatira waya. Mu aluminiyamu waya kugwirizana, nonse mgwirizano woyamba ndi mgwirizano wachiwiri ndi mgwirizano wa wedges, opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chowoneka ngati mphero popanda kupanga mpira. Umphumphu wa onse awiri mgwirizano woyamba ndi mgwirizano wachiwiri ndizofunikira kuti munthu akhale wopambana kulumikizana.

Chifukwa Chiyani Kupeza Weld Yamphamvu Yazitsulo Ndikofunikira Kwambiri?

Kupeza chowonadi mgwirizano wa metallurgical ndiye cholinga chomaliza cha waya chomangira ndondomeko. Izi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kuwotcherera kozizira kozizira kapena kukangana. A mgwirizano wa metallurgical ndi kulumikizana kwa interatomic komwe ma atomu amachokera ku waya ndi bond pansi kugawana ma elekitironi, kupanga umodzi, mosalekeza zitsulo dongosolo. Mtundu uwu wa weld ndizofunikira pazifukwa ziwiri zazikulu:

1. Magetsi: A wangwiro mgwirizano wa metallurgical amapereka otsika zotheka kukana magetsi. Wosauka weld ikhoza kupanga mawonekedwe osasunthika kwambiri omwe amatulutsa kutentha, kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro, ndipo pamapeto pake kungayambitse kulephera kwa chipangizo.
2. Kudalirika Kwanthawi Yaitali: A wamphamvu weld ndikofunikira kuti munthu apulumuke kupsinjika kutentha kupalasa njinga. Chida chikatenthetsa ndikuzirala, zida zimakula ndikukhazikika pamitengo yosiyana (kukulitsa kutentha). Wofooka mgwirizano adzatopa ndi kulephera pansi pa kupsinjika uku, makamaka mu malo ovuta ngati ntchito zamagalimoto kapena zamlengalenga. The mphamvu ya mgwirizano yochokera ku chabwino mgwirizano wa metallurgical zimatsimikizira za waya kugwirizana kumakhalabe kosasunthika kwa moyo wonse wa chipangizocho.

Kodi Zofunika Zotani Zoyenera Kuwongolera pa Makina Owotcherera a Wire Bonding?

Kwa injiniya ngati Marcus, kuwongolera makina owotcherera ndi za kudziwa chinsinsi kugwirizana magawo. Kupeza izi moyenera ndikofunikira panjira yobwerezabwereza komanso yopatsa zokolola zambiri. Ngakhale zenizeni zimadalira pa kugwirizana kwa waya kugwiritsa ntchito, magawo oyambira ndi awa:

• Mphamvu (kapena Pressure): Uwu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yakuthupi yomwe chida cholumikizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa waya ndi bond pansi. Mphamvu yochepa kwambiri imabweretsa kufooka mgwirizano; zambiri zimatha kuwononga semiconductor kufa.
• Akupanga Mphamvu: Uku ndiye matalikidwe a kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwambiri. Amapereka mphamvu yotsuka yofunikira pangani mgwirizano. Mphamvuyo iyenera kusinthidwa mosamala kwa the waya awiri ndi zinthu.
• Nthawi: Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe mphamvu ya akupanga imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imayesedwa mu milliseconds.
• Kutentha: Mu mgwirizano wa thermosonic, uku ndi kutentha kwa siteji yotentha yogwira gawo lapansi.

Kukonza "maphikidwe" amitundu yambiri ndikofunikira kulumikizana kwabwino. Pamafunika ukatswiri ndi kuyezetsa epirical kupeza bwino bwino kuphatikiza kulikonse wayakufa, ndi gawo lapansi.

Kodi Mumathetsa Bwanji Mavuto a Common Wire Bond?

Ngakhale m'njira yolamulidwa kwambiri, zolephera zimatha kuchitika. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mukhalebe ndi zokolola zambiri. Nazi zina zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri:

• Bond Lift: Apa ndi pamene a mgwirizano woyamba (mpira kapena mphero) samatsatira bond pansi. Choyambitsa chofala kwambiri ndi kuipitsidwa pamtunda wa pad (mwachitsanzo, ma oxides, mankhwala otsalira). Zingathenso kuyambitsidwa ndi zolakwika kugwirizana magawo, monga mphamvu yosakwanira kapena ultrasonic mphamvu.
• Kuphulika kwa Chidendene: The waya amathyoka pa "chidendene" kapena thinnest mfundo mgwirizano wachiwiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma deformation waya kuchokera ku mphamvu yomangirira kwambiri kapena chida chomangira chotha. Chida chapamwamba kwambiri, monga a chida cholumikizira makonda, akhoza kuchepetsa nkhaniyi.
• Wire Sag kapena Sesa: The waya loop ndi yolakwika, yomwe imatha kufupikitsa moyandikana waya. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kulimba kwa waya kolakwika pa makina opangira ma waya kapena ndi mphamvu za electrostatic panthawi ya encapsulation ya pulasitiki.
• Cratering: Mphamvu yomangirira ndi yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imasweka osalimba silicon wosanjikiza pansi pa bond pansi. Uku ndikulephera kowopsa ndipo kumafuna kusintha mwachangu kwa mphamvu yomangira.

Kodi Future Trends mu Wire Bonding Technology ndi chiyani?

The kugwirizana kwa waya makampani akukula mosalekeza kuti akwaniritse zofuna za m'badwo wotsatira zamagetsi. Zinthu zingapo zazikulu zomwe zikupanga tsogolo lake:

• Kukweza Kwambiri: Pamene tchipisi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, chiwerengero cha ma I / O pads chimawonjezeka, kuwakakamiza kuyandikira pamodzi. Kulumikiza waya akugwirizana ndi chithunzi chabwino mphamvu zosakwana 35 microns, zomwe zimafuna makina olondola komanso abwino mawaya awiri.
• Zida Zatsopano Zawaya: Kukula kwa palladium yokutidwa waya wamkuwa, siliva wokutidwa waya, ndi ma alloys ena cholinga chake ndi kuphatikiza ubwino wa zitsulo zosiyanasiyana-monga conductivity wa mkuwa wokhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.
• Zamagetsi Zamagetsi: Kukwera kwa magalimoto amagetsi ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zikukankhira kufunikira kwa zokhuthala waya kugwirizana kwakukulu awiri waya wa aluminiyamu komanso nthiti zamkuwa zogwirira ntchito mazana a ma amps apano.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa Automation ndi AI: Tsogolo makina opangira ma waya idzaphatikiza luntha lochulukirapo, kugwiritsa ntchito AI kuti mukonzekere nokha kugwirizana magawo mu nthawi yeniyeni ndikulosera zofunikira zokonzekera, kuonjezera zokolola ndikuchepetsa nthawi yopuma.

Zofunika Kwambiri

Kudziwa za waya chomangira ndi ulendo wosalekeza wolondola ndi kuwongolera njira. Nazi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira:

• Cholinga ndi Metallurgical Weld: A wopambana waya chomangira ndi atomiki yowona weld, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akuyenda bwino, kutentha, ndi ntchito zamakina.
• Nkhani Zaukadaulo: Thermosonic bonding ndi muyezo makampani, kuphatikiza kutentha ndi ultrasonic mphamvu kwa kusala kudya ndi mwamphamvu mgwirizano.
• Kusankha Zinthu Ndikofunikira: Kusankha kwa chingwe cholumikizira (golide, mkuwa, aluminiyamu) ndizovuta kusinthanitsa pakati pa mtengo, conductivity, ndi kudalirika.
• Makina ndi Othandizira: Zamakono makina opangira ma waya ndi machitidwe olondola kwambiri a robotic omwe amawongolera mbali iliyonse ya ndondomekoyi, kuyambira pa malo mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yeniyeni yomangirira.
• Ma Parameter Ayenera Kukhala Angwiro: Kupambana kwa aliyense waya zimadalira njira yabwino ya mphamvu, mphamvu, nthawi, ndi kutentha, zogwirizana ndi ntchitoyo.